# Java Operators

Paul Tomoiu

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Examples,

Basics

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Published 2023-06-03

This tutorial explains to you how to use Java Operators. There are some examples as well.

In Java, we have :

Arithmetic Operators
Logical Operators
Assignment Operators
Unary Operators
Shift Operators
Relational Operators
Bitwise Operators
Ternary Operators

# Arithmetic Operators

Operators: +, -, *, /, % (modulo)

Example:

var x = 1 + 20 - 10;
System.out.println(x);

# Logical Operators

&& (logical AND)

|| (logical OR)

! (logical NOT)

Example:

// Returns false
System.out.println((1==1)&&(1==2));
// Returns true
System.out.println((1==1)&&(1==1));
// Returns true
System.out.println((1==1)||(1==2));
// Returns false
System.out.println(!(1==1));

# Assignment Operators

In Java we can use the following assignment operators:

Operator	Example	Equivalent to
=	a = b	a = b
+=	a += b	a = a + b
-=	a -= b	a = a - b
*=	a *= b	a = a * b
/=	a /= b	a = a / b
%=	a %= b	a = a % b

# Unary Operators

Unary operators are the operators used with only one operand. In Java we can use the following unary operators:

Operator	Name	Result
"+"	Unary plus	keep the value as it is (not generally used)
"-"	Unary minus	inverts the sign of an expression
"++"	Increment operator	increments a value by 1
"--"	Decrement operator	decrements a value by 1
"!"	Logical complement operator	inverts the value of a boolean

Example:

var x = 10;
++x;
// Prints 11
System.out.println(x);
--x;
// Prints 10
System.out.println(x);

# Shift Operators

The Shift Operators(<<, >>) are used to shift all the bits in a value to the left/right side of a specified number of times.

Example:

// Shift left "10" (binary) is transformed to "1000" (binary) = 8 (decimal)
System.out.println(2 << 2);

For testing the conversion you can use this converter.

# Relational Operators

In Java we can use the following relational operators:

Operator	Name	Example	Result
==	equal to	1 == 2	is not true
!=	not equal to	1 != 2	is true
>	greater than	1 > 2	is not true
<	less than	1 < 2	is true
>=	greater than or equal to	1 >= 2	is not true
<=	less than or equal to	1 <= 2	is true

# Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operators work on bits and performs bit-by-bit operation.

In Java, we can use the following bitwise operators:

For this example we consider: a = 1000 1100 b = 0000 1101

Operator	Name	Example	Result
&	bitwise AND	a & b	0000 1100
\|	bitwise OR	a \| b	1000 1101
^	bitwise XOR (exclusive OR)	a ^ b	1000 0001
~	complement	~ b	1111 0010

The bitwise XOR ^ operator returns 1 if and only if one of the operands is 1.

# Ternary Operators

A ternary operator is a simple replacement for if-then-else statement.

Its syntax is:

condition ? expression1 : expression2;

If the condition is "true", the operator will return "expression1", if not, the "expression2".

Example:

Integer examScore = 80;
String result = (examScore > 65) ? "PASS" : "FAIL";
// It prints "You PASS the exam."
System.out.println("You " + result + " the exam.");